Rbi on Discipline

One thousand words on discipline, one thousand words on the Army Values, and one thousand words on what being a Soldier means to me, not counting words that are less than three letters in length, which i dont uderstand because they are words too, poor little guys, just cause theyre small , they don't exist? Discipline, this part of the rbi is being written and discussed on discipline. I am condudcting this rbi because myself along with a few other soldiers in the platoon fucked up today and since i am on profile and cannot conduct the pushup and the sittup, my profile states that i can only walk at my own pace a distance for Physical Training, which is now called PRT standing for Physical Readiness Training, therefore writing this rbi is the punishment my leaders deemed neccesary for corrective action toward myself and others that fucked up in the platoon. RBI's are given to soldiers for corrective action sometimes because we need trining on writing essays esspecially if a soldier is getting out of the army soon, like myself, i get out of the army in july of this year therefore i am actually kind of glad that i have to do this becaue i need to sharpen my essay skills anyway, so thankyou. Disciline means control gained by enforcing obedience or order. It also means orderly or prescribed conduct or pattern of behavior. Discipline is important in all situations by everyone young and old, big or small, short or tall, white or black, or hispanic, or asian. so any race religion hieght or weight, no matter who you are or what job you have, whether it be in the army navy airforce marines or even if you work at wal-mart, or k-mart or chuckee cheeze, or even mcdonalds, but most importantly in the military, army, and military police corp, discipline is one of the most important traits a person can have. Discipline can vary from keeping yourself from eating the last piece of pizza or doing the wrong thing, such as not going to a class you are told to show up at, (even if you have a valid reson for not showing up and the person your tryng to explain it to wont listen to you and keeps interupting you, which is rude as fuck, but oh well, its the army, what can i say. hats why i usually dont even bother trying to explain myself wheter i do or not i am still going to get into the same amount of trouble because some people just dont give a shit what you have to say when they are having a bad day, i like how when some people have bad days they take it out on everyone else, or when leaders dcide one day to be super hooah when they usually are pretty laid back. thats also one of the reasons hat i am getting out of the army, that and at least one thousand other reasons) to even killing someone. Without discipline, the united states army every state in the united states of america and every oth er country in this world would be way way more chaotic than what it is now, i could not even imagine the world and the army being more chaotic than it is now. Jim Rohn said once, â€Å"Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. Discipline is applied to each activity in our lives. The discipline in the One Seventyth Military Police Company has been worsening since weve begun reintegration into the United States, personally I believe that has happened because the leaders in the company are not enforcing discipline, mostly because over in Afghanistan while we were deployed we bacame such a tight nit family that we saw eachother more as family than soldiers and non-comissioned Officers. Discipline down-range was still there just not as much as the Army expects it to be. So that being said, I also believe that discipline in this company has dropped because soldiers feel as though our leaders do not care about the welfare of the soldiers, maybe they do but it doesnt show.. Prime example, yesterday SPC Snyder asked Staff sergeant Holenbach if he would give her a counseling on requesting leave and the procedures she needs to follow. Staff sergeant Hollenbach then told her that he would get it done, later on he told her that he would be off the followng day and to have her get with SGT Quirarte and have him give her a counseling. The next morning, SPC Snyder found out that SGT Quirarte was on leave and coud not counsel her. SPC Snyder then came to me thinking I was the acting Squad leader and the next leader she should come to in her chain of command and then asked if I would counsel her on requesting leave and the procedures she needs to follow since Staff sergeant Hollenbach was off, From what she said, i understood that Staff sergeant Hollenbach told her to get her leave packet done first thing in the morning, i understand that SPC Snyder and I did not show up to class at 0900, i was in charge, so i was therefore, i was taking charge, as the saying goes â€Å"When in charge, take charge† which i am sure every soldier in the United States army has heard more than once. I understand that i probably should have chosen a different time to complete the counseling but i figured since her own team leader isnt here and wasnt going to complete the counseling on his day off and not take care of his soldier then i should be the one to take care of her, since her team leader wasnt going to be able to do so, when i deem neccessary, it is definatley absolutley one hundred and ten percent my fault that i chose a bad time to complete to complete SPC Snyders counseling, you might even choose the saying, the wrong time to complete SPC Snyders counseling, rather than a bad time to complete SPC Snyders counseling, but i was not sure when the classes would be over, classes we did a couple weeks ago if i remember correctly. mind you. nd if the classes did take all day then the leave packet would not have been complete in time to turn it in that day, and therefore would take alot longer to get passed up through the chain of command and get approved or dissaproved. So, m y bad, this type of incedent from me will not happen again, and this type of behavior from me will not be seen again. Also discipline comes in the same catigory as attitude. In that i mean from what i see, higher leaders, such a platoon sergeants dont have there prorities in order, i believe taking care of soldiers comes first in my mind, i do not see that in our senior leaders. i always take care of my soldiers issues first, i could not care less anout mne until my soldiers issues are resolvled. Leave packets sitting on the same desks for days does not say good things, deamening sldiers, does not say good things, and getting upset when (HOly shit, i am only at six hudred words, and this has to be done by tomorrow morning? This is bullshit) and even denying a soldier theyre right to attend an appontment when a soldier has an appointment whether it interfres with work or not, that does not say that a Non comissioned officer cares about the health and welfare of there soldiers. Overall i believe that the soldiers discipline in this company has dropped because the soldiers in this company feel as though theyre Non-comissioned officers do not care about the health and welfare of them. The mentality in this company seems to be, â€Å"If the Non-comissioned Officers in this company dont care, then why should I? 1006 The seven Army Vaues. This RBI is being written to discuss the seven army values, which consist of Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, and Persanal Courage . Integrity is not just a word that defines honesty and trust, but it is also one of the words that makes up and defines the Army Values. Integrity is probably, in my mind, one of the most important, valuable and worth meaning words the United states Army uses. The united states Army defines Integrity as doing what is right always, mentally, morally, and physically. Doing what is right always, means being able to do everything you are supposed to the correct way when no one is around to watch you or being able to do the things you are tasked out to do the right way without having anyone be there to supervise you, being able to have people trust and believe in you that you will do what your told the right way, like from a Non-comissioned officer. Being able to do even little missions and have every one trust you to get it done the right way is a very important aspect of being in the united states Army. If no one can trust you to do things the right way when they tell you to conduct a mission, you wont be asked to do anything, you wont be put in charge of anything, and you wont get to go to any schools, especially any schools you actually want to attend. Integrity also works the same way when you are at a school or away from your company or even on leave or a four day pass. While at the school or class or even on leave or a four day pass or whatev er you might be at. Letting your company, or team leader or squad leader or platoon sergent know what is going on with you at your school or class is a must and you also must be honest and tell your team leader, or squad leader, platoon sergeant the truth, like maybe if you get counseled for something while at your school for any reason at all you just might let your team leader squad leader or platoon sergeant know about this so that they know what is going on with you, being truthful with everyone will show them that you can be trusted even if things are not going good for you in school or class or at home on leave or whatever it is that you are doing while you are away from the company or base, they might even say they will try and help you out with your class, but maybe as soon as you go in to talk to them for help, you most likely get yelled at and also get talked down to like youre an idiot, and you feel like you wished you wouldnt have even let them know you were having trouble because now you lo ok like a fool and an idiot, so next time you dont tell them that you need help and then you get into even more trouble because now they say you cant be trusted and that you dont have any Integrity. You earn integrity by doing what you are told and doing it without having to be supervised and getting whatetever it is that you were told to get done finished the right way without messing it up. if you continue to do everything that is asked of you the right way and more every time your supervisors will learn and come to trust you because they can count on you to do what they ask, they wont question your word or integrity. Then there is integrity like good conduct. Good conduct can be described as conducting yourself in a professional manor at all times, being in the united states Army you must conduct yourself in a professional manor at all times whether you are working, on post or off post on leave or not, during the weekend and even if you are at a school or class, especially for being part of the united states army Military Police Corps, we always have to be conducting ourselves in a professional manor at all times whether you are working, on post or off post on leave or not, during the weekend and even if you are at a school or class, we always must maintain professionalism, because we are always being watched. If you screw up and do not conduct yourself in a professional manor you will pay for it, esspesially if you screw up and dont tell your team leader, squad leader, or platoon sergeant about the incident and they somehow find out later on, your punishment will be even worse then. and it wont be very nice in most cases. For example if you are failing a class and you decide to take a drop make sure you know what you are doing or getting yourself into, because every one that sent you to that class or school is expecting you to finish, if you take the drop you will not be conducting yourself in a professional manor. MENTALY MORAL: This one may be a little hard to discuss and describe and write about because I haveno idea what to say or write, but I will do my best, besides moral integrity is at stake once again. Being mentally moral really doesnt have too much to do with anyone else but you. In my opinion being mentally fit or having mental integrity is a big part of being in the united states Army or in whatever professional field you might be working in, wheteher it be in the army, navy, airforce, marines, or even if you are a lawyer or car salesman, is really important. If you cant be mentally honest or true with yourself then how can you be honest and true with anyone else? If you dont trust yourself and be honest or true with yourself then how are you going to be honest and true with anyone else, you cant be honest and true if you are not mentally fit and that you are in denial and that is not good because then everyone will think you are a basket case and just write you off as some idiot and someone that they will never trust to do anything the right way, because you lie to yourself and everyone else will think of you as a liar. For example if something is wrong and you keep telling yourself verything is all good, and everyone around you can see that something is w rong but you wont admit it then you show everyone else that you cant handle the truth with yourself then how can you handle being truthful and honest with anyone else. Kind of a messed up situation you would find yourself in. If this part didnt make much since then it was a good paragraph because I have no idea what to say about this, couldnt even find it on line to help with this part of the essay. Hell everyone says they are good when they are really not, maybe money, or spouse or something, in that case every one is a victim of not being in a mentally fit or mental integrity position. So basically being good in your head and having your melon in good shape and believing and trusting your self will greatly help you and others to see that you are actually mentally fit and you have good mental integrity which will then help them have trust in you and task you out for missions because they will trust that you will get the mission complete the right way. 1018 What it means to me to be an american soldier in the united states army. In this section of the rbi i will be writing and discussing what it means to be an american soldier in the united states army to me, i will mostly basically be describing the united states army's Soldiers creed in my own words. A soldier is a member of the land component of national armed forces; whereas a soldier hired for service in a foreign army would be termed a mercenary. The majority of cognates of the word â€Å"soldier† that exist in other languages have a meaning that embraces both commissioned and non-commissioned officers i n national land forces. The word soldier entered modern English in the 14th century, from the equivalent Middle English word soudeour, from Anglo-French soudeer or soudeour, meaning mercenary, from soudee, meaning shilling's worth or wage, from sou or soud, shilling. The word is also related to the Medieval Latin soldarius, meaning soldier (literally, â€Å"one having pay†). These words were ultimately derived from the Late Latin word solidus, referring to an Ancient Roman coin used in the Byzantine Empire. In most armed forces use of the word soldier has taken on a more general meaning, due to the increasing specialization of military occupations that require different areas of knowledge and skill-sets or what the united states army would refer to as Military Occupational Specialty. As a result, â€Å"soldiers† are referred to by names or ranks which eflect an individual's military occupation specialty arm, service or branch of military employment, their type of unit, or operational employmen t or technical use such as: trooper, tanker, commando, dragoon, infantryman, marine, paratrooper, ranger, sniper, engineer, sapper, medic, or a gunner. So what does it mean to me to be a soldier you ask? Hmm†¦ There are many sections to the soldier's creed which all influence my life, both the way I live and the way I think. All soldiers whether old or new, should try their hardest to abide and live by the soldier’s creed. The soldier’s creed has taught me many things that make me who I am today. â€Å"I am an American soldier,† To me, that means I have the right to say this anywhere and everywhere I go. As an American I have Freedom of speech, religion, and pursuit of happiness. As a soldier in the united states army I defend these rights. â€Å"I am a warrior and a member of a team,† I will fight and give my life for my country, and as a member of a team I know I will never be alone because i will always have my battle buddy to my left and my right, right next to me, there to fight the battle and complete the mission just as i am. â€Å"I serve the people of the United States, and live the army values† When I recite this I stand proud that I am one of few that chose to serve and protect the United States of America. Now, as a soldier I not only follow the rules of the Bible, but I live the seven army values. Loyalty, I will and always will stand by my fellow comrades, soldiers and battle buddies, always being loyal and trustworthy. Duty, I will perform my job to the best of my ability. Respect, something earned, not given. I respect everyone that serves this nation proudly with me, but i believe that respect is a two lane road, meaning, if i give you the respect i think you deserve but dont get the respect i deserve in return then i will never give you that respect again. Example, if i give a Non-comissioned officer the greeting of the day and the just continue walking without saying a word back, then i will never give that non-comissioned officer the greeting of the day again. Selfless Service, I don't want to die, but I will if it keeps my fellow comrades and soldiers and battle buddies and family back home safe and continues the freedom they have always known. Honor, every day when I put on the uniform of the united states army I have great pride and honor in myself and others who also where the same uniform. Integrity, learned from our parents as kids, enforced as service members, always do what’s right no matter what, wheteher you are on post or off post on duty or off duty on leave or a four day pass or not. And last but not least, Personal Courage, if my country calls on me to do something and complete a mission, I have the personal courage to do whatever they ask of me. The Warrior ethos are the best and most important part to me in the soldier’s creed. I will always place the mission first, I will never accept defeat, I will never quit, and I will never leave a fallen comrade. † No matter where I am on duty or not, on post or no t, on leave or a four day pass or not, the mission will always come first (right after my family) or I will die trying, if that is neccesary. Part of being a soldier in the united states army is always being accountable and being on time, that is also very important. As a soldier in the United States Army we are accountable for any responsibilities we are given. Many responsibilities are given to us and there are also many situations where time is of the utmost importance. As a soldier in the united states army we have responsibilities such as, following the Army values in our daily lives, in and out of uniform, on or off post, on duty or not, because we are soldiers twenty four hours a day and seven days a week. Keeping our barracks clean our rooms and the common areas and always be ready for inspection. We are responsible for knowing about the United States Army, its regulations, rank structure and knowing our military occupation specialtys. With some military occupation specialty we have security clearances and are given a lot more responsibility than soldiers without security clearances. Everyday those with clearances are around sensitive information to the United States Army which could have a negative and detrimental effect on the united states of america and the united states army. We have the responsibility to protect this information and make sure the wrong people don’t get access to it. We have responsibility to look out for our fellow battle buddies in and out of uniform as well. We should always be looking out for them during the duty day and even in and out of uniform, on or off post, on duty or off duty, because as i said erlier, we are soldiers twenty four hours a day and seven days a week, making sure they are doing the right thing, keeping their uniform squared away and helping them when they need the help. Being stationed in another country where English isn’t the first language brings about more dangers which in turn creates more responsibilities as a battle buddy. Soldiers stationed in like say Korea also have the responsibility of representing the United States whenever tey step outside the gate or even go through the checkout line at the P. X. How we act is how the people of Korea will view the United states army and the United stated as well. We are responsible for leaving a good impression. As a soldier in the united states army we are trained to follow orders and always held accountable for this as well as carrying out any mission we are handed. All actions we take as a soldier we are held accountable and we have to be able to answer for everything we do, wheteher the person you are answering to wants to listen or not, which in most cases they dont want to hear what you have to say because leaders are right no matter what. 1003 -THE END-

Parallel Situations Drawn Between King Lear and Gloucester

In what ways does Shakespeare draw parallel situations between King Lear and Earl of Gloucester, and how are the characters similar in the play (specifically Act 1)? While examining Lear and Gloucester, there are obvious similarities, such as that they are both of an older generation with evident power and authority. Both have children wishing to overthrow them through mendacity and false assurance. These two characters relate in a much more symbolic way that reveals insight into their foolishness and naà ¯ve sense of entitlement.Lear and Gloucester are symbolically blind to the fact that their children wish to acquire their power for selfish purposes. Edmund, Gloucester’s son without a mother, falsifies his commitment to his half-brother, Edward, when he says â€Å"I hope for my brother’s justification, he wrote this but as an essay of my taste of my virtue,† (Act 1 Scene 2) and Goneril, Lear’s daughter, has him believe she genuinely loves him when she s ays â€Å"Sir, I love you more than word can wield the matter,† (Act 1 Scene 1).These instances lead to Lear and Gloucester’s imprudent decisions to act on matters that deserve more substantial evidence. â€Å"Gloucester reacts exactly like Lear, displacing his favor onto an unworthy recipient† (Storozynsky). Neither can see their children for who they truly are, which make it seems as if they the necessities to make rational decisions, hence being â€Å"blind†. When considering the underlying characteristics of Lear and Gloucester, the audience can see two men, who are delusional with power, insecure and illogical. Their uncertainties stem from their children, who they love, but are quick to turn against.Lear turns against Cordelia because she refuses to discuss her love for him and Gloucester, for potentially having a preexisting fear that his children wanted him gone so they could have his power, believes that Edward wants him dead. â€Å"The old men inhabit worlds created by the mind and emotions, but which share some of the features of their actual surroundings: isolation, heights and depths, enclosures and open, empty places,† (Storozynsky). This author compares them to empty places and isolation, which is symbolic of their personality.Neither seems to be relatable to the audience, due to them not having any admirable  traits. Both seem to be shallow characters that lack the confidence that a man of power should carry with him. Lear and Gloucester both use the word â€Å"nothing† frequently in the play and this has a symbolic attachment to it. We see Lear use the phrase â€Å"nothing will come of nothing† (Act 1 Scene 1) while addressing his dissatisfaction with Cordelia. This provides insight into his shallowness because the audience is able to see that Lear expects to be verbally showered with praise. The irony is that Goneril and Regan’s flattering’s lack authenticity and are the true st atements that mean â€Å"nothing.Gloucester’s use of the word comes during his conversation with Edmund. He notices Edmund hiding a letter and says, â€Å"The quality of nothing hath not need to hide itself. † (Act 1 scene 2) Gloucester, like Lear, finds himself gullible to false pretenses. This nothingness they speak of is something that they are displacing onto other people, when in fact, they should be self-assessing themselves for. Their ignorance and assumptive attitudes reflects the reason as to why their personalities are hollow and self-fulfilling. Through Act 1, the audience gets insight into the dramatic irony that is evident in both parallel situations.However, there are four more Acts to King Lear. The newer generations of greedy rulers (Goneril, Regan and Edmund) are expecting to cast out the older generation Lear and Gloucester. Lear, while talking to the fool, realizes that he may have made a mistake by handing down his power to his daughters. He is wor ried about his mental health when he says, â€Å"O, let me not be mad, not mad sweet heaven! † This is a foreshadowing of events to come in the book. Due to the parallel situations that Gloucester and Lear are in, both will continue to spiral down a path of chaos and ignorance. Parallel Situations Drawn Between King Lear and Gloucester In what ways does Shakespeare draw parallel situations between King Lear and Earl of Gloucester, and how are the characters similar in the play (specifically Act 1)?While examining Lear and Gloucester, there are obvious similarities, such as that they are both of an older generation with evident power and authority. Both have children wishing to overthrow them through mendacity and false assurance. These two characters relate in a much more symbolic way that reveals insight into their foolishness and naive sense of entitlement. Lear and Gloucester are symbolically blind to the fact that their children wish to acquire their power for selfish purposes.Edmund, Gloucester’s son without a mother, falsifies his commitment to his half-brother, Edward, when he says â€Å"I hope for my brother’s justification, he wrote this but as an essay of my taste of my virtue,† (Act 1 Scene 2) and Goneril, Lear’s daughter, has him believe she genuinely loves him when she says â€Å"Sir, I love you more than word can wield the matter,† (Act 1 Scene 1). These instances lead to Lear and Gloucester’s imprudent decisions to act on matters that deserve more substantial evidence. â€Å"Gloucester reacts exactly like Lear, displacing his favor onto an unworthy recipient† (Storozynsky).Neither can see their children for who they truly are, which make it seems as if they the necessities to make rational decisions, hence being â€Å"blind†. When considering the underlying characteristics of Lear and Gloucester, the audience can see two men, who are delusional with power, insecure and illogical. Their uncertainties stem from their children, who they love, but are quick to turn against. Lear turns against Cordelia because she refuses to discuss her love for him and Gloucester, for potentially having a preexisting fear that his children wanted him gone so they could have his power, believes that Edward wants him dead.â€Å"The old men inha bit worlds created by the mind and emotions, but which share some of the features of their actual surroundings: isolation, heights and depths, enclosures and open, empty places,† (Storozynsky). This author compares them to empty places and isolation, which is symbolic of their personality. Neither seems to be relatable to the audience, due to them not having any admirable traits. Both seem to be shallow characters that lack the confidence that a man of power should carry with him.Lear and Gloucester both use the word â€Å"nothing† frequently in the play and this has a symbolic attachment to it. We see Lear use the phrase â€Å"nothing will come of nothing† (Act 1 Scene 1) while addressing his dissatisfaction with Cordelia. This provides insight into his shallowness because the audience is able to see that Lear expects to be verbally showered with praise. The irony is that Goneril and Regan’s flattering’s lack authenticity and are the true statement s that mean â€Å"nothing†. Gloucester’s use of the word comes during his conversation with Edmund.He notices Edmund hiding a letter and says, â€Å"The quality of nothing hath not need to hide itself. † (Act 1 scene 2) Gloucester, like Lear, finds himself gullible to false pretenses. This nothingness they speak of is something that they are displacing onto other people, when in fact, they should be self-assessing themselves for. Their ignorance and assumptive attitudes reflects the reason as to why their personalities are hollow and self-fulfilling. Through Act 1, the audience gets insight into the dramatic irony that is evident in both parallel situations.However, there are four more Acts to King Lear. The newer generations of greedy rulers (Goneril, Regan and Edmund) are expecting to cast out the older generation Lear and Gloucester. Lear, while talking to the fool, realizes that he may have made a mistake by handing down his power to his daughters. He is wor ried about his mental health when he says, â€Å"O, let me not be mad, not mad sweet heaven! † This is a foreshadowing of events to come in the book. Due to the parallel situations that Gloucester and Lear are in, both will continue to spiral down a path of chaos and ignorance.

Bad breath Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bad breath - Assignment Example feces; skatole- smells like feces; cadaverine- smells like Corpses; putrescine- smells like decaying meat; isovaleric acid- smells like sweaty feet; trimethyl-amine urea- smells like fish. All these chemicals generate bad breath or halitosis and therefore it is emerging as a big social and economical concern for millions of Americans. In order to have excellent oral hygiene the spend millions of dollars and this is also generating concern amongst dentists and physicians to promote such measures to prevent halitosis and further complications that results due to poor oral hygiene. Oral hygiene is the root cause of primary health and bad oral hygiene may result in an invitation to numerous diseases. 2. What modern cures are available for halitosis? How does chewing gum work to prevent halitosis? Is chewing gum a modern treatment for halitosis? Explain. Discuss three natural remedies for halitosis and why they seem to work. Once the presence of halitosis is established, the affected individual ordinarily wishes to be rid of the condition. Basic oral hygiene encompassing- regular flossing and brushing cannot be underestimated as a preventive. The gingivitis medication chlorhexidine , an antimicrobial agent sold by prescription in U.S.A is quite effective against halitosis. Unfortunately, it can also discolor teeth, impair taste and generate oral ulcerations. These effects, though reversible, preclude the use of chlorhexidine for more than a few days at a time. Other cures encompass, tongue cleaning, an ancient oral hygiene practice from the Far East that is still popular there and that is catching on in the West. One early antidote mentioned in the Babylonian Talmud is gum mastic which may be the same ladanum referred to in Genesis. Gum mastic is the resin of the Pistacia lentiscus shrub, which is still cultivated for this purpose on the Mediterranean island of Chios. Modern synthetic chewing gums have largely supplanted mastic. Interestingly this resin is known to

Assessing and Planning Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessing and Planning Skills - Essay Example Clinical supervision is used to assist the teacher provide good services to students by learning from the supervisor’s experiences. Also, it provides the link between administration and the staff by monitoring the extent of compliance with policies, goals and procedures set out by the administration (Shohet, (2001). Peer coaching is a technique that combines coaching and peer to peer skill sharing. The participants can share experiences in their work and also teach other vital professional practices. They work together to evaluate practices, develop new skills together, share ideas and develop strategies for the classroom. One type of peer coaching involves only a few teachers working around observations in teaching. Peer coaching might involve teachers planning and implementing a curriculum together to test for new approaches to teaching. Also, it may be used to conduct research by the formulation of hypothesis about classroom behaviours and teachers testing these hypotheses (Aly, 2013). The major strength of the clinical supervision model is its ability to promote staff retention as it improves performance delivery. So as to attain this, the model requires a healthy and productive relationship between the teacher and a supervisor that is knowledgeable and can objectively analyse strategies (Evans, 2000). The teacher should have a mentality of accepting direction and correction. For the model to be effective, the supervisor needs to have a strong rapport with the teacher so that he could constructively criticise the teacher, and the teacher can open up. In such an environment, the teacher can learn a set of new skills from the experience of the supervisor and air out their concerns. However, the reliance on a good rapport for the model to be effective is its major drawback. In some instances, the teacher might be resistant to the supervisor’s authority and resist any feedback

Film Final Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Final - Coursework Example The rise of the freelance filmmakers and independent production along with the increasing popularity of television also contributed to the decline of the Hollywood studio system which dominated the classical holly wood era (Axs Entertainment Movies 43). The birth of the television in1948 marked the progressive decline of the studio system. Hollywood could not compete. Something had to be done as quickly as possible. The executive producers in Hollywood then realized that rather than competing they could invest in television. The universal pictures was the first company to venture in television with the long running television show. Other followed suit (Axs Entertainment Movies 47). The end of the holly wood studio system had both its advantages and disadvantages. It was better because it opened the door or set the pace for independent cinemas which do not follow the genre qualification but instead focus on mixing styles and approaching subjects that Hollywood does not consider bankable. The end of the studio system was for worse because the thrill or magic of the studio is gone. Hollywood is no longer a concept in cinema, but just a location. Cinema arrived in Argentina soon after being launched in Paris. The country inhibited some of the world class pioneers in animation and scientific movies. However the true Argentinian industry started in 1933 with the establishment of sound film. The good times, when the Argentina movies were watched all over only lasted until the Early 1950s. Afterwards, the growth of television, the gradual closure of the big studio, the auteur cinema imposed other rules and stagnation of popular cinema (Vila 139). The emerging popularity of the United State Cinema, increased pressure from the Catholic Church and domineering censorship during the presidency of Peron limited the growth of the Film industry in

Analysis Of The Book The Cider House Rules Essay

Analysis Of The Book The Cider House Rules - Essay Example   When Homer learns about Larch's secrets- him secretly being an abortionist, driven by the sight of the black-alley horrors- he considers it morally wrong. He befriends Candy Kendall, a couple to Wally Worthington, who need an abortion. He leaves and goes with them to Wally's family's orchard. He develops the love for Candy secretly (Irving 78). They get a child together- Angel. After he knows of Larch’s death, he goes back to St. Clouds as a director.to show his heroism nature; he maintains his dislike for abortions. However, he honors the choice of his parents and continues Dr. Wilbur's legacy.   Even though he has all the training to be an obstetrician and gynecologist and has adequate knowledge on performing abortions, he goes ahead and objects to the latter.   He refuses completely to do them (Irving 34). He is questioned repeatedly throughout this film, on this subject, and he responds to this by declining to perform the abortions with a reason that he is not form ally trained as a doctor, and that they are illegal. He hopes for a day to come when abortions will be legal, free, and safe when he'll no longer be obliged to perform them (Irving 66).  We can describe The Cider House Rules as a coming-of-age story. These tales trail a character from babyhood to adulthood, all the way through his/her moral knowledge, until as a hero; he/she finds a place in life. A true hero, like Homer, is the one who takes decisive action in finding out his/her destiny or fate (Irving 44).

Close examination using market segmentation vo 1 Essay

Close examination using market segmentation vo 1 - Essay Example It thus allows ease of obtaining accurate information regarding library collections. Futterman (2008) notes that market segmentation is used to identify the library’s customers with regard to their characteristics. In this case, market segmentation refers to the grouping of potential customers into different segments based on common characteristics such as gender, age, income, geography or other attributes that relate to buying or consumption behavior. Futterman (2008) notes that the libraries mostly serve market segment of customers who are underserved. Most of these customers exhibit the following characteristics: firstly, they stay closer to the library, earn modest income, composed of diverse range of household types, life stages and age (Futterman, 2008). These include Green Acres (blue-collar baby boomers who earn middle income), Hometown (those within the house), Rustbelt Traditions, Exurbanites (with median home value of $235,000 and household income of over $80,000), Comfortable (settled married couples without children or adult children), Midlife Ju nction and Cozy. This segment is mainly composed of high patron penetration as was discovered by TSCPL library. The other market of the library is that composed of young people and those detained in juvenile. With the current advancement in technology and globalization, a number of potential competitive forces affect viability of libraries. For instance, consumerization of online information retrieval technology is seen as a major competitive force for libraries. This is because nowadays people can afford internet services at their doorsteps. This can be accessed via mobile phones, laptops, ipads, ipods and the like (Futterman, 2008). In cultural context, Futterman (2008) argue that the library should be able to provide services to diverse cultures in the

Proof Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Proof - Essay Example Look, if you’re not happy with your life right now, maybe you should try to do something instead of gossiping, because that’s represent yourself as uneducated person. You might be educated, but may not act like one. Everybody has a chance to do what they want to be successful in their lives, but needs effort to do it not just waiting and doing nothing†¦ 2. I finished my studies last year, but I didn’t join the graduation last December because I want my mother to present in my graduation to see me walking and receiving my Diploma.. I want my momma to be proud despite of all the things I’ve done in my life. It was a tough year for me working on my assignments, project and etc . Every night was hard, but I did it. To some people, who think I’m lucky, it is not a compliment it’s like an insult to me, because my achievements in my life didn’t came from the luck that just handed it to you and you got it.. No, it is not my situation†¦ I had to work hard for it and not just sitting my ass off gossiping, watching tv, or

Financial Trends Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Trends Paper - Essay Example The trend was a fall before the rise. The same could be observed in the behavior of net income of the company for the same three-year period, that there was a fall and an improvement after the fall. Net profit margin measures the company’s profitability performance (Bernstein, 1993) and is computed by dividing net income over the total revenues. In case of general motors a consistent 0.01 net profit margins were observed for the three year period. This indicates a rather lack of improvement in the company’s performance for the past three years despite the seeming increase in revenues from total sales for 2005 of US$192.6 billion to US $207.3 billion for 2006. This means the cost of the company was very high for the company which needs a deeper analysis as shown below: It would appear the company was still having some mark-ups from revenues, hence it may deduced that it is selling at above is production cost as evidenced by the positive gross profit rate from 2004 through 2006. The loss was felt only in 2005 when operating loss showed a rate of negative 0.01 value. This means that the company has higher operating expenses for 2005 compared with 2006 and 2004. Further analysis revealed that 2005 has high selling and administrative expenses in addition to the decline in revues from 2004 to 2005. Over all 2005 operation was a losing year by the company. When the three year ratios above are analyzed in relation to the trends established earlier in the behavior of the revenues and net income, it may be observed that there was big improvement in the return on equity (Meigs and Meigs, 1995) of the company from 2004 to 2006 although there was a deterioration in the return on assets from 0% in 2004 to -1% in 2006. This means that changes made were beneficial to the stockholder and that having too many assets are not necessarily better for the company if it will result to a better return to equity.

Mediterranean Diet And Public Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mediterranean Diet And Public Health - Essay Example The diet has been found to reduce cancer and type 2 diabetes; however, the main disadvantage of this diet is its cost, which is very expensive. Human beings for a long time have devised various dietary methods in an attempt at living a healthy life by choosing carefully choosing what type of foods they eat. The Mediterranean diet is an example of such dieting whose primary principles include high consumption of fruits, vegetables among others. Besides these foods, the Mediterranean diet allows for a reasonable consumption of wine and wiry meats while discouraging the consumption of processed meals. Moreover, the Mediterranean way of life advocates for constant physical activity and a social support system while enjoying your meals. There have been growing criticisms regarding the Mediterranean diet with opponents raising questions on its wholesome nutritional values and the costs that come with maintaining it. It is important to note that the Mediterranean diet has been proven a healthy way of life that provides the body with all the essential elements. The Mediterranean diet is a healthy way of eating because it is a nutrit ional tactic that helps the body keep slim, sturdy and active. Sofi et al (2010) in their meta-analysis found that Mediterranean diet been can be directly linked to decreased mortality from all causes particularly cardiovascular disease. The diet is composed of essential mono and polyunsaturated fats, which can reduce the levels of cholesterol in the body, consequently reducing the risks of heart-related diseases. Most importantly, the diet is very low in saturated fats that can increase the levels of cholesterol in the body. However, it is important to note that the Mediterranean diet does not strive to limit the total fat intake but rather encourages the intake of fats and oils that are less harmful to the body such as olive oil that is the major source of fat in the diet.

Reproductive Health in Nursing Essay Example for Free

Reproductive Health in Nursing Essay Reproductive Health Bill was introduced by Congresswoman Bellaflor J. Angara -Castillo is also known as  ³Reproductive Health Care Act of 2002 ´,assembled at Senateand House of Representatives of the Philippines, and now known as House Bill 5043 of 2008. It ¶s been years since the bill was approved in the senate, due to some churchconflicts, biomedical ethical issues and some scientific research conflicts. Today thereare still lots of Filipino citizen who are now fully aware about this bill and why this billwas imposed.Before I write this reaction paper I had to read the Bill twice and read somearticles, reaction and comments in the internet I had read books and research which isrelated to reproductive health, sex education and Bioethics, for me to fully understandwhat was the RH bill all about and the reason of the creation of this bill. Poverty, the main problems that the Philippine is facing today and they say thatthe primary factors that lead to poverty is due to overpopulation, the Philippines has apopulation of 64,318,120 in 1990. Today the population is ballooning and estimated toover 94 million according to latest census and the top 12 th  country having the mostpopulation. The population is growing by about 2 percent a year, giving the Philippinesone of the world ¶s highest population-growth rates.This is one of the reasons of the creation of the Reproductive Health bill to give asolution to poverty by eradicating the overpopulation problem, by implementing familyplanning, sex education and prevent the sexually transmitted disease.

Nanyang Optical Company Strategy

Nanyang Optical Company Strategy Overview Nanyang Optical is a well established company in Singapore, with more than 30 years of experience in retail, wholesale and manufacturing in the eyewear industry. They are one of Singapores largest optical retail chains with more than 20 outlets operating in Singapore, Indonesia and China. The reason why Nanyang Optical is able to get to where it is today is because of the product design and development strategies they have adopted throughout the years. Nanyang Optical uses both the market pull and technology push strategy to attract new customers and retain old customers. The managing director of Nanyang Optical, Mr Yang Wah Kiang, is a man with foresight. He was able to see opportunities in coming up with innovative eyewear designs, which eventually gave them an edge over competitors. His entrepreneurial abilities, together with his creativity as a product designer, led to successful creations of award winning eyewear. This included the Urband design, which product development process will look studied in this paper. Background Eyeglasses were created in the 13th century with the sole purpose of aiding the user to read and write [1]. Developments in the eyeglasses were in the functional aspect rather than on the â€Å"fashion† aspect. It was not until the 1980s that customers insist on having eyeglass frames as both a functional equipment and fashion accessory. Since then, design of eyewear began to pick off with many clothing designers diversifying their resources in designing high-end mainstream frames [2]. Companies around the world, in Japan, China, Europe, are designing eyewear for the mass market. Both their frames, similar looking within their classes, vary only in colors and/or materials. Niche designers such as Alain Milki and Toki specialized in unique and more expensive frames with great customer appeal. However, customers have to pay a premium for such products. Nanyang Optical took advantage of the situation to come up with innovative eyewear that has its own identity and character. Mr Yang came up with simple yet strong frames which were aesthetically pleasant. This move, together with some marketing strategies, gave Nanyang Optical a competitive advantage over other retailers. Scope In chapter 2, the general strategies adopted by Nanyang Optical, such as the market pull and technology push factors will be presented. In Chapter 3, the product development process of a particular eyewear, Urband will be studied. This will be followed by an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the development process in Chapter 4. The Nanyang Optical Strategy Product differentiation is imperative as customers hunt for the cheaper alternative between two similar products [3]. Nanyang Optical was able to identify opportunities [4] in the fashion eyewear industry, designing high differentiated frames that are functionally superior, specifically for the mass market who desire niche designs and high-end market, with affordable prices relative to clothing designers eyewear. Nanyang Optical adopted both market pull and technology push approaches in their eyewear designs, with a customer focused competitive strategy. Market Pull Strategy Flexis, Urband And Link frames The Flexis, Urband and Link â€Å"innovation eyewear† are shining examples of new platform, market pull products. These frames are marketed to anyone of any age, even old people who feel they are â€Å"young at heart†. Flexis appeals to customers who desire a full rim frame that is lightweight, comfortable and has minimal visual obstruction [5]. The Urband frame attracts the masses with its innovative design of a light, modern, almost indestructible frame that is aesthetically superior. Its titanium frame variant offers a sleek, urban style whereas its acetate counterpart portrays a more youthful look with its thicker, hipper build. With all these features, it is priced lower than luxury brands. Link frames are catered for the niche segment of mass market with its simple design and its wide variety of shapes, colors and styles for the front piece. Customers are given a special casing, shaped as an oval with a center cut out for attaching to their bags to create a fashion statement. Link spectacles can be easily accessed and stowed without the hassle of removing the case. Urband and Link were chosen as winners of the 2006 iF material award, a valuable award viewed by many designers. Although Nanyang Opticals competitors were able to design such frames, they required special tools for assembly and disassembly, causing inconvenience to retailers and customers. Nanyang Optical was first to develop fuss-free innovative eyewear in the market, leading other competitors who claimed to sell â€Å"innovative eyewear† with Prada, Channel or Gucci logos on their frames or sold innovative design frames at twice to four times the price. Japanese innovative eyewear company Toki, the closest competitor to Nanyang Optical, is unable to offer attractive prices as a result of high manufacturing costs in Japan [6]. Excellent Customer Service And Boutique Stalls As part of its corporate values, Nanyang Optical ensures that customers receive the best service and shopping experience, adopting a more expensive channel contact in the form of branches to educate customers about its differentiated and innovative products. The result would be customer loyalty and greater value. Customers contribute feedback on the quality of the products and obtain rapid response in form of improved products and services. Nanyang Optical founded the Alexis Eyewear Boutiques in 1988, which house high-end exclusive eyewear in prime city locations. These outlets target local customers and tourists, providing them with premium services. Winning the Best Eyewear category for three consecutive years was a testimony to their services and excellent customer relationship management [7]. Technology Push Strategy Customers demand corporate social responsibility, causing a paradigm shift from â€Å"less pollution† to â€Å"carbon negative products that have a positive effect on the environment†. Companies have to balance the triangle of sustainability, competitiveness and innovation to ensure future success [8]. Nanyang Optical has embarked on changing their stores and products to â€Å"Green† products, utilizing a full circle recycling system based on recycled materials [9]. Despite having the constraints and limitations of using recycled materials, Nanyang Optical was able to go one step further to create a fundamentally new product that is international award winning, eco-friendly and eco-iconic design such as LinkSkin, made out of recycled materials. Other models including Eyelet used 70% recycled materials with no soldering in its construction, a process that could add emissions of CO2. The award-winning Urband design used no springs, screws or soldering, yet having a stronger structure compared to its competitor models. With its strong design team from Eye-biz, French fashion designers, good quality manufacturers from China and a top management team focused on innovation, eco-design, Nanyang Optical will continue to stay ahead of its competitors in providing a wide range of compelling products to pull the markets, gain customer loyalty and value and innovate new technology products for the benefits of customers and the company. Product Development Process Of Urband In this chapter, the focus will be on the resources and time taken for the development of Urband frames. Urband frame was a brand new concept which uses S-clip to replace the usual springs and screws. Nanyang Optical divided the product development process into three interconnected parts: product function design, product fashion design, and manufacture, with the latter two parts being outsourced to its partners. This method makes good use of all the resources and adopts suitable product design strategy like concurrent engineering to optimize its product design process and handle the new technology requirements and fashion trends. In most cases of eyewear design companies, it takes two to three years to finish the design process of a new product. Therefore, it is vital to arrange the product process properly and gather all the available resources to minimize the cost. Product Function Design This part covers the whole product developing process. It usually lasts for 18 to 36 months depending on the type of products. Nanyang Optical is mainly responsible for the technical improvement and feature development of its new products. In order to take advantage of the low manpower cost in China, Nanyang Optical owns a 1,000-square-foot RD center in Shenzhen. This center houses 10 senior local Chinese research and development professionals and product designers whose main focus is on the technical issues, such material and new frame design concepts. Developing new products is a tedious and time consuming process that involves significant investments and endless obstacles. When Nanyang Optical first came up with the new S-clip design for the frame, it took nearly three years and several iterations to perfect the design, choose the proper material and settle on the final models. Though this design was harder to manufacture in comparison with more conventional designs, these evolutionary new frames were without any springs, screws or soldering and hence they made eyewear stronger and eliminated the age-old problem caused by screws loosing. [10] This new design helped Nanyang Optical to steadily rise among the western rivals. In recent years, Nanyang Optical was quick to respond to customers inclination towards a greener environment. Together with its powerful product design team, Nanyang acted on its social responsibility and began its product development towards eco-friendly and reusable eyewear. Product Fashion Design In this area, Nanyang Optical partnered three French fashion eyewear designers who have experiences with top brand company as well as a sharp trend sense in eyewear fashion. As soon as the prototypes of Urband frames from the China development center were ready, the three designers would be responsible for creating contemporary styles, branding and packaging for Nanyang Optical to enhance the product appeal. The designers will also assemble the product with their French taste of beauty and handle the delicate marketing push sales, hence retaining the high-end frames and attracting more customers. This process usually takes about 6 months. Nanyang Optical believes that French fashion is perceived to be the best and consumers would tend to buy and pay more to purchase French brand, which would allow them â€Å"to have a much better chance of succeeding internationally† than a Asian or an American brands [2]. Manufacture This part will begin after the fashion design is completed. If the manufacturing went smoothly, the latest product could be finished in 1 month. In order to concentrate on the development of eyewear, Nanyang Optical does not operate a factory, which would cost too much effort to deal with the detail fairs. In fact, they outsource their frame production to a Shenzhen company, which is located in a well-developed place with eyewear production facilities. This allows them to lower the manufacture costs. As the unique design like Urband or Link from Nanyang Optical has high failure rates and high production cost, the product development center would send one team to stay with the production company to deal with the production problems as well as inspect the quality, and report the manufacture burden to the development center in time. [2,10] Other Resources Nanyang Optical also cooperates with SIMTech, one of A*STARs center in sustainable manufacturing technologies, to assess the life cycle of its business operations and identify potential areas for improving sustainability. SIMTech has also aided Nanyang Optical in making industrial polymer waste into fashionable eyewear frames by cutting the recycled pellets. This product is not only eco-friendly, but it also helps Nanyang Optical in saving its production cost. [11] Analysis Of Product Development Process In this chapter, the steps taken for the product development process will be evaluated for their strengths and weaknesses. Design In coming up with new eyewear design, the managing director, Mr. Yang, assembled a team of ten research design professionals and trained product designers. The professionals were hand-picked and paid competitively. Having a dedicated product development team allows them to focus intensively on research into facial contours, fashion trends and optical technicalities. For example, it was discovered that titanium could not be used for the S-clips because friction caused titanium to discolor from grey to black. Stainless steel was subsequently adopted for the S-clips. Hence, teams dedicated to their own specific areas allow them to have more time and concentration to do what they are good at, in order to recognise problems and overcome obstacles more easily. Partnership The forming of partnerships with the 3 French designers allowed Mr Yang to leverage on his partners expertise and gave himself more time to focus on issues that were better suited to his own skill set. This allows product development to work concurrently and at the same time give the French designers full responsibilities to work on fashion design, packaging, branding and marketing aspects. The combined product design and fashion efforts were successful when Urband and Linkskin were selected as winners of 2006 iF (International Forum) material award and a 2007 Red Dot award. The Dulles, Va.-based Industrial Designers Society of America named Linkskin a finalist for its 2008 International Design Excellence Awards [12]. More recently, Urband Origami collection had got another two design awards, Red Dot Design Award winner 2009 and 2009 iF material award gold [13]. While Linkskin won 2009 International Forum Design Award Gold. Branding And Marketing Launched of Urband at the SILMO (an essential trade show for professionals in the optics/eyewear sector) industry fair in Paris in October 2005 was very successful as the French national newspaper Le Figaro chose the titanium Urband as the industrys #1 new design and the acetate Urband as #3. Apart from the additional media coverage, one publication even placed Urband alongside mega-brand Oakley in its reviews. The positive reviews and media coverage puts the product in a good position for sales in the market. This showed how important going for the right kind of media coverage is. Mr Yang was smart to launch the eyewear at Europe as he wanted the brand to be identified as European in order to have high prestige and greater pricing power. He also chose the correct fair to launch his eyewear as the fair was a stylish affair, thus giving his eyewear a positive outlook. Manufacturing Outsourcing of the manufacturing aspects allowed Mr Yang to gather all his resources to focus on creativity and improvement on the design of the frame. However, the initial outcome in search for outsourcing to factories was disappointing even though China was responsible for much of the worlds eyewear frame output. Few factory managers were willing to manufacture Urband or Link frames because of their unusual designs. The problem Nanyang Optical faced was that most work has to be performed by hand. This was made more challenging with the many variations between styles and colors. Another problem was that employees have to be given special training and with the high turnover rate, training for new employees has to be carried out frequently. These led to quality control problems, more rework and low yields. 10,000 titanium Urband frames were produced in China in a test run. The components had been outsourced to several factories and the frames had been assembled by hand by Eye-Biz employees. The production was considered a failure because Mr Yang had ordered enough components for 4,000 frames, but only 1,300 assembled frames passed the quality inspection. He had to order more parts and eventually 10,000 finished frames were assembled and approved. â€Å"It was a production nightmare† said Mr Yang. Therefore, when outsourcing is used, the disadvantage would be having the need to work closely with the factories, provide technical support and oversee quality control. Feedbacks The 10,000 frames were distributed in Europe to gather consumer feedbacks and generate industry buzz. The frames manage to sell well, but some consumers later return them to retailers as the color painted onto the titanium faded after several months. Mr Yang resolves this issue with a better color plating technique. Hence, we see how feedbacks will encourage continuous improvement in on-going product development and enhance the brands reputation as a reliable and fashionable product. Conclusion In this paper, we have seen how Nanyang Optical was able to identify the correct opportunities and come up with the right kind of eyewear designs at the appropriate time. They brought in a new kind of innovative eyewear for the mass who wanted niche designs at affordable pricing. These designs were able to cater to customers of all ages, hence attracting many customers. Besides this, Nanyang Optical was responsive towards customers feedback by improving their products and services. This was helpful in building customer loyalty. When there was a move towards a greener environment, Nanyang Optical was also quick to start coming up with eco-friendly products made out of recycled materials. Their sensitivity towards market needs and technology direction allow Nanyang Optical to succeed and maintain its own pool of customers, attracting more potential ones at the same time. In the process of product development, Nanyang Optical was able to take advantage of the low labour cost in China, as well as leverage on the creativity of its French fashion designers. The French designers were able to give a French outlook to the new eyewear, hence increasing the chances of the eyewear in succeeding internationally. Nanyang Optical also practiced concurrent engineering whereby prototypes of new designs were made as early as possible in order to discover any problems in the early stages. Outsourcing certain parts of the development process was a good option for Nanyang Optical as it not only allows them to be able to focus on what they are good at, but also allows them to achieve higher standards in areas they are not experts at. Nanyang Optical was careful in marketing their products. They chose to launch their new eyewear at a prestigious European fair, thus raising their own standards and allowing them to price the products at a higher range. However, not everything was smooth sailing for Nanyang Optical. The biggest obstacle they faced was the challenge in manufacturing the unusual eyewear. This was because most work was to be performed by hand, hence making the process very labor intensive. Training of employees needed to be carried out frequently due to high turnover rates, aggravating the quality control problems and lowering the yields. Every product development process has its own unique set of problems. The company must be prepared and well-equipped to handle all kinds of situations in order to stay competitive. The distribution of workload among partners is also very important as this will contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of the entire product development process. Every stage in the development of a new product, from the initial design stage to the final launch stage must be planned with care to maximize the chances of success. References [1] Glasses (2009). Retrieved September 21, 2009, from Wikipedia Web site, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasses [2] Wee Beng Geok and Nigel Goodwin, Nanyang Optical: beyond production design from idea to launch, The Asia Business Case study, September 21, 2006 [3] Timothy C.G.Fisher and Robert G.Waschik. (2002). Managerial Economics: A game theoretic approach. New York: Routledge. [4] Leong Kah Fai. (2009). Chapter one: Introduction to Product Design. NTU. Singapore. [powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from Nanyang Technological University Blackboard. Site: http://edventure.ntu.edu.sg/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_id=_2_1url=%2fwebapps%2fblackboard%2fexecute%2flauncher%3ftype%3dCourse%26id%3d_317678_1%26url% [5] Singapores First eco-friendly Eyewear Store. (2009). Retrieved September 24, 2009, from Nanyang Optical Web site, http://www.nanyang.com.sg/products.html [6] Toki. (2006). Retrieved September 24, 2009, from Toki Web site, http://tokieyewear.com/index.php [7] Chen Chun-Hsien. (2009). Chapter seven: CRM and Mass Customization. NTU. Singapore. [powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from Nanyang Technological University Blackboard. Site: http://edventure.ntu.edu.sg/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_id=_2_1url=%2fwebapps%2fblackboard%2fexecute%2flauncher%3ftype%3dCourse%26id%3d_317678_1%26url%3d [8] Eco-innovative Design. (1997). Retrieved September 18, 2009, from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Web site, http://www.oecd.org/home/ [9] Singapores First eco-friendly Eyewear Store. (2009). Retrieved September 19, 2009, from Nanyang Optical Web site, http://www.nanyang.com.sg/eco.html [10] Robert Grace, Designer eyeglasses fit eco-friendly niche, Plastics News, September 8, 2008 [11]Singapore and US Institutes Collaborate in Environmentally Impactful Sustainable Manufacturing Technologies, ACN Newswire, April 12, 2009 [12]Welcome to LinkSkin eco-friendly eyewear world. (2009) Retrieved September 18, 2009, from LinkSkin web site, http://www.linkskin.com/ [13] Urband: designer of light and comfortable contemporary eyeglasses. (2009). Retrieved September 21, 2009, from Urband Web site, http://www.urband.com/

Case Study Of A Functional Health Pattern Assessment Nursing Essay

Case Study Of A Functional Health Pattern Assessment Nursing Essay The following Functional Health Pattern assessment is based on a 65 year old Scottish woman who lives independently with her husband in their home at Happy Valley. The purpose of the interview was explained in addition to an outline of the types of questions which would be asked during the interview. A copy of the interview questions were provided prior to the interview (Appendix 1) so the questions would be familiar, and to minimise any embarrassment. The importance of maintaining her privacy and the necessity of choosing a pseudonym was discussed which she perceived as great fun. She chose Patricia as she thought it was rather a posh sounding name and one which she had always liked. At the beginning of the interview the confidentiality aspects were reiterated to which Patricia indicated verbal permission for her information to be disclosed as applicable and appropriate with due regard to her ethical and legal rights (ANMC 2008, p.4). Patricia was advised any questions which she did not feel happy answering could be skipped in order for her to feel comfortable within the interview environment. That said however, Patricia stated she was happy to discuss anything and was keen to progress the interview. Health perception/health management pattern An outline of the clients perceived pattern of health and wellbeing and how health is managed (Gordon 1994) Patricia perceives her health to be reasonably good, not 100%, but fairly good for her age. She stated she has always strived to live a healthy lifestyle and believes that her employment as a Diversional Therapist within an Aged Care facility keeps her young and fit as she walks around the facility countless times throughout the day attending to residents lifestyle needs. Patricia presents as a much younger person than her biological age and attributes this to working fulltime and walking somewhere in the vicinity of approximately 3 kilometres per day 5 days a week. The risks of developing cardiovascular disease are greatly decreased by regular exercises such as walking and aerobic activity in addition to increasing the benefits of physiological and psychological wellbeing (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p.920). Although Patricia takes medication for the management of Hypertension (High Blood Pressure), diagnosed in 2009, she feels that it is well controlled and does not impact on her ability to perform her role at work, undertake housework or participate is recreational activities with her family on weekends. When not controlled, Hypertension puts strain on the heart, damages blood vessels in the kidneys and damages the retina, resulting in a loss of vision (Herlihy 2007, p.331). As Patricia already suffers vision problems it is imperative her Hypertension is regularly monitored. Patricia regularly attends her doctor and believes it is important to adhere to any recommendation or treatment administered by the doctor. She advised she would be too scared not to do so in case something bad happened to her so she complies implicitly. Although Patricia would like to have private health insurance she feels that it is too expensive. She is satisfied with the Medicare system and believes it meets her needs adequately. The necessity of installing aids or changing any aspect of her home to increase safety or prevent accidents has not been necessary. She believes she has not come to this stage of life just yet and feels confident in her ability to manage her household as is. Nutritional metabolic pattern An outline of the clients pattern of food/fluid intake relative to metabolic need and nutrient supply (Gordon 1994) During a 24 hour period Patricia usually consumes three main meals and rarely has snacks during the day when working. She believes her job influences her eating pattern during the week as she only has a 30 minute lunch break which leaves little time for large or extended meals. In the 24 hours prior to the interview Patricia consumed cereal, herbal tea, water, yoghurt, orange juice, fruit, vegetables and muffins. During the week she feels her diet to be balanced and more than adequate. Patricia is a Vegetarian based on her religious beliefs, she has no food allergies but does modify her diet regularly based on her body image and weight fluctuations. Research suggests people who potentially suffer from a binge-eating disorder have a history of weight fluctuations and obesity (Edlin et al. 1997). On the weekend when she spends a lot of time with her family and grand children she admits she consumes more snacks, fast food and foods considered to be empty of nutritional value such as potato chips, lollies, ice cream and soft drink, particularly when in company with her grandsons. Patricia laughingly classes herself as a weekend social eater. In a recent article (Abedin 2009) indicated, adults tend to eat more when they are around friends and family than when eating with strangers. Tooth decay is primarily caused by circulatory changes, poor dietary habits and poor mouth or dental hygiene (Murray Zentner 1989, p.470) and as a result Patricia has top dentures although they do not inhibit her ability to eat nor restrict the types of food choices available to her. There have been no significant changes to her diet as she has aged due to the vegetarian menu she eats for her main meals, however she stressed that she does overeat rubbish food with her grandchildren. However, when questioned if this overeating has primarily occurred since becoming a Grandmother she sheepishly admitted it was probably a lifelong habit. Sometimes she has noticed significantly lower energy levels particularly in the afternoon but Patricia believes this to be based on the expectations of her job and possibly age rather than indications her nutritional intake is a contributing factor. When queried if her Iron and Vitamin intake were sufficient based on the fact she doesnt eat red meat Patricia stated she didnt think it caused her a problem, nor had her Doctor ever mentioned any need for additional supplements. Research has shown (Hunt 2003) people on a vegetarian diet get all the iron they need by eating iron rich foods, including legumes, green leafy vegetables and fortified breads/cereals although iron will be less available for absorption than in diets which include meat. Hunt (2003) suggests, vegetarians should consider consuming vitamin C, or citrus fruits to improve absorption ratios in order to balance out nutritional requirements. No issues were identified in terms of hair loss, increased facial hair growth, skin disorders or nail growth. Patricia maintains a regular skin regime to promote health, elasticity and prevent wrinkles. Her skin appears well hydrated. Patricias hair and nails were similarly maintained. Elimination pattern An outline of the clients pattern of excretory function in relation to the bowel and bladder (Gordon 1994) When reflecting on her voiding pattern Patricia stated she voided approximately three times per day dependent on her daily schedule and her fluid intake, and about the same amount at home in the evening. Patricia experiences no problems with bowel elimination and has never utilised suppositories, supplements or other medication for either constipation or diarrhoea. She uses her bowels twice a day and believes the amount of fruit and vegetables consumed within her diet coupled with her fibre based cereal every morning sufficiently meets her needs. Alteration in elimination patterns can sometimes indicate signs or symptoms of issues within the gastrointestinal system (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p. 1325), but this does not appear to be applicable in Patricias case. Activity exercise pattern An outline of the clients pattern of exercise, and physical activity (Gordon 1994) Exercise which keeps the heart pumping and working steadily for about 20 minutes per day improves fitness, reduces the risks of heart disease, obesity and maintains mobility (Peterson 2004, p.625). As discussed in the health perception/health management pattern Patricia walks reasonable distances during the day at her place of employment. In addition to the walking she conducts gentle Exercise Classes for the residents at the Aged Care facility twice a week. She feels she has sufficient energy to participate in, and conduct, these classes and they form the basis of her regular exercise pattern. Sleep/rest pattern An outline of the clients pattern of sleep, rest and relaxation (Gordon 1994) Patricia says she thoroughly enjoys sleeping and will generally achieve 8-9 hours per night which she thinks provides her with ample rest and recuperation from her daily activities. According to Crisp and Taylor (2005), the amount and quality of sleep decreases in the older adult, however Patricia has neither noticed nor experienced any significant change to her sleep pattern in many years. When Patricia was approximately 10 years old she used to sleep-walk but has since outgrown this problem. She states she awakens at 0300 every morning regular as clockwork to go to the bathroom but experiences little difficulty returning to sleep. Cognitive/Perception pattern An outline of the clients cognitive and sensory perceptual patterns (Gordon 1994) The average brain shrinks approximately 5-10% in weight between the ages of 20 and 90 resulting in a decrease in working memory, however, the brain can adapt and grow new cells, but this is dependant on physical activity, stimulation and learning (Santrock 2006). Patricia believes the constant mental and physical stimulation of her job keeps her brain active as evidenced by the successful completion of recent study. She is a keen crossword puzzler and novel reader which she feels supports her cognitive functions. Of the five sensors the most significant change has been to Patricias vision as she has aged. Patricia wears glasses for reading, computer work and magnification for everyday activities. She has her vision tested every three years and upgrades her eyewear as recommended by the Optometrist. Patricia has not noticed any change in her ability to smell, hear, or touch but admits to a taste change over the years from sweet to savoury flavours. Self perception/self concept pattern An outline of the clients self concept and perceptions of self in relation to body image, self worth and feeling states (Gordon 1994) Of the most interest and focus, and highlighted throughout this assessment, was Patricias image of herself. Although she states she is reasonably satisfied with her current status in life and what she has achieved for herself and her family, her perception of how she looks demonstrates issues around physical dissatisfaction, possible low self esteem and a lack of confidence in social situations. Erikson (1965) theorises maintaining a positive self image and feelings of self worth is essential in order to achieve a successful transition to old age despite changing abilities and limitations. She clearly states she doesnt feel old at 65 years however she believes her weight issues affect her ability to feel confident when she pursues recreational and social activities. Physical ideals and social stigma value a thin body, which society symbolises as peoples ability to discipline their appetite and restrain themselves from overeating (Germov 2005). Patricia states when she is at work and performing tasks which she perceives are within her capabilities she feels competent and happy within herself. It is only when she is required to enter the social arena she is faced with unhappiness and dilemma about her body image. Those who are overweight are subject to stigmatism for being different and falling outside of the social norm (Germov 2005). On occasion she will refuse to go out with friends or feels upset about her selection of clothing and fit, negatively believing she will be an embarrassment to friends and family due to her size. When she does socialize outside of her immediate family circle she tends to sit quietly and not draw attention to herself especially if the social event has a number of well dressed and slim women in attendance, and particularly if she sees them as being of a similar age bracket to herself. A thin body is viewed by society as the essence of beauty, sexual attractiveness, social status, health and occasionally moral worth (Germov Williams 2004). In recent years Patricia states although she does not perceive herself as being either old or tired she admits to using her age as an excuse to decline invitations to attend social functions based purely on the fact that she is not comfortable with her body image. Although she is eligible for a Seniors Card, which is based on age, Patricia refuses to apply for it stating adamantly that she is not old and does not like the connotations that ownership of such a card implies. She says she does not class herself as a Senior and therefore a Seniors Card is not required. When the possible benefits of the Card were discussed her prompt response was a definite, no thankyou, maybe when Im 80. Role/relationship pattern An outline of the clients pattern of relationships and role engagement (Gordon 1994) Patricia is a mother, grandmother, aunt, wife, sister, friend, employee and work colleague. She views her primary roles at this stage of her life as being a wife, grandmother and employee. She enjoys close relationships with her three daughters. Since the recent death of her only sister, her husband, children and two nieces are the only remaining family in Australia as her parents are deceased. She has no contact with distant relatives in Scotland. Patricia has a select group of friends but feels as a result of her work commitments during the week, coupled with family commitments, she has little spare time to socialise with friends. She does not belong to any social groups and mentioned that she thought social groups were a waste of her time. Murray and Zentner (1989) state some factors may inhibit older people from pursuing recreational activities based on a perceived poor usage of time, conditioning to appear busy, fears about the future and the lack of previous opportunities to pursue a hobby or new interest. Sexuality pattern An outline of the clients reproductive and sexuality pattern (Gordon 1994) At the age of 16 years old Patricia began menstruating. Patricia experienced no difficulty during her three pregnancies and has never suffered a miscarriage. Since she began menopause at the age of 45 years Patricia has experienced minimal interest in being sexually active and cites a definite loss of libido however she did indicate her sexual needs were abundantly met. Eden (2002, p.53) argues womens sexual desires fluctuate over the years with highs and lows, commonly coinciding with major life changes such as menopause. Patricia says she has a tilted uterus which causes her no problems, pain or issues during sexual intercourse. The uterus normally lies in an anteverted position with statistics showing approximately 20% of women have a retroverted or tilted uterus without experiencing any problems during their life (Andrews 2005). She experiences no embarrassment when openly discussing issues of a sexual nature, nor did she find it difficult to talk about sex education with her daughters. Patricia believes due to it being a taboo subject with her parents when growing up it has influenced her to be very open with her own children. A good health maintenance plan includes regular health screenings, including Pap Smears, self breast examination and mammograms (Leifer Harrison 2004, p.215). Patricia states she consciously adheres to preventative health measures. Coping/stress pattern An outline of the clients general stress tolerance and coping mechanisms pattern (Gordon 1994) The stress Patricia feels when she is at work relates to her supervisor who Patricia states is not as supportive as she would like. She does however have other colleagues at work with whom she can debrief as required. She cites her husband as being her primary support and states they have always talked through as a family any issues which may impact on her coping mechanisms. A recent significant stressful event was the marriage and untimely death of her only sister whilst on honeymoon and the subsequent fight over her sisters Last Will and Testament which occurred between the new husband and her nieces. Again her husband and daughters were her primary means of support during this time although she did consider accessing professional counselling. Being aware of what causes stress, how you react and having a network of support are all strategies which can help you to manage and control stressful events (Andrews 2005, p.59). Patricia feels she has accepted the outcomes from this event and moved forward. Patricia does not drink alcohol, use medication or take drugs to relieve stress but will comfort eat and compensate with food on occasion resulting in weight gain and subsequently poor body image and what she terms mild undiagnosed depression which she says never lasts for very long. Value/belief pattern An outline of the clients pattern of values, spiritual beliefs and goals determining choices or decisions (Gordon 1994) An individuals sense of spirituality can be influenced by culture, life experiences and religious beliefs (Brush 2000). Patricia is a practicing Mormon and spiritual person. Her family and faith have always been the most important part of her life. She has been married to her husband for 42 years and values her relationship with him. Recent goals have included completing a TAFE Course at age 63 years and resettling into a newly purchased home which she feels have all been guided by her faith and spiritual beliefs. She believes she has enjoyed a rewarding life and has always been a big, happy, bubbly person. As indicated in previous patterns Patricias body image pervades all patterns of her life suggesting a lowered perception of self. Conclusion Patricia presented as a reasonably healthy woman for her age. She is active and mobile, she feels healthy, her skin, hair and nails look nourished, and her living environment is clean, well maintained and comfortable. Patricia is aware of the need to maintain her health and undertakes preventative measures in order to continue her good health record. The diagnosed hypertension she experiences is appropriately monitored and medication is religiously taken and reviewed regularly. Similarly her need for glasses to assist with vision is regularly checked with her eyewear strength updated as required. She has excellent support, and gains spiritual strength, from her husband, family, friends and religious beliefs. She enjoys positive relationships with many of her work colleagues and has sourced alternative mechanisms for debriefing when work becomes stressful. The benefits of Patricias continued working lifestyle assists in her remaining physically and mentally active, slows her aging decline, provides a social aspect which she enjoys, and allows her the financial means to ensure a comfortable lifestyle. Although Patricia carries an excess amount of weight primarily at her thighs, hips and buttocks, this does not appear to detract from her general feeling of physical wellbeing although her body image and perception of herself were highlighted negatively in more than one pattern. Interestingly, when discussing her self concept pattern Patricia displayed a number of behaviours suggestive of altered self concept, i.e. avoidance of eye contact during such discussion, putting herself down, and being overly critical of her appearance (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p.500). However, Patricia believes she recognises when she needs to diet or make efforts to reduce her calorie intake and assume more restrained eating habits. Patricia states she felt comfortable throughout the interview and believes the assessment process effectively established, maintained and concluded interpersonal communication openly, and in a friendly and supportive manner (ANMC 2008). Overall Patricia felt the questions allowed her to positively reflect on her health and wellbeing status (Puentes 2002) thus, reinforcing her belief that she is aging well and maintaining her lifespan appropriately.

Narrative on Brown v. Board of Education Exhibit Essay -- Narrative Pa

Narrative Assignment Walking into a lecture hall in Gregory Hall, I really didn’t know what to expect. I dressed as I would any other day; an Abercrombie shirt, a pair of frayed shorts and some casual sandals. I sat towards the front of the room and arrived slightly early to ensure a good seat. The name of this Brown v. Board education discussion was entitled, "Rethinking Slavery: 1800-1861,† and was arranged by the Mellon initiative. As I waited to observe the audience as they filled the seats with pencil in hand, I was amazed by the amount of diversity I saw before me. By the time the lecture was ready to set foot, I observed that nearly the entire lecture hall was filled. I would say that the hall where our discussion was being held in could probably hold around 300 people. The majority of the audience was not students forced to write a paper on the Brown v. Board Commemoration events, but rather scholars who were on average in their mid-40s. It seemed as though everyone knew each other to some degree. At one point, I saw a woman walk in with her young son and they were greeted by one of the first presenters. Oftentimes, groups of 2 or 3 walked into the room and they would sit down in no particular section of the seating and proceed to talk moderately loudly and peacefully. There was a sense of joy and rejuvenation in the air. After making my final observations of the crowd, I noted that it was a pr edominantly white showing! Not something I would expect to see when attending a discussion on slavery. It was a spectacle for me to see a group of Asian Americans nodding in unison when points were made during the seminar relating to black and white race relations. I would say that African-Americans wer... ...ree topics in detail instead of giving us new incite on slavery? Finally what followed was a short question and answer section. Professor Ira Berlin was so excited about getting food at the following reception that he had to be reminded about the questioning section. How much compassion does that show I wondered? I observed that most of the questions Professor Berlin received were from African-American’s though their presence in the lecture was towards the bottom of the spectrum. The majority of questions that were being asked inferred the level of political correctness in the way in which Berlin addressed certain racial issues. It seemed as though the questions were rather insignificant and that the questioners knew the answers they’d receive before they asked them. After all, wasn’t everyone in that room that attended voluntarily there for the same general cause?

Foster Care Essay -- Social Issues, Adoption and Safe Family Acta

There are too many children in foster care. Despite federal legislation (viz., the Adoption and Safe Family Act [ASFA], among other legislative directives) designed to reduce the number of children in care, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2010) indicates that of the 285,000 children exiting care in 2008, only 52 percent were reunified with their parents or primary caretakers. Although ASFA also has statutory guidelines designed to reduce the amount of time required for the courts to decide permanent placement for children that have been removed from their parents, children exiting foster care in 2008 spent an average of 21.8 months in state custody (U.S. Department of Heath and Human Services). These outcomes create several questions for researchers, two of which are pertinent to the current study: 1) What factors influence whether children are reunified with their families; and 2) What factors influence the timeliness with which reunification occurs? Prior research has attempted to answer these questions by focusing on demographic information such as age, race, education of parents and children (e.g., Courtney, 1994; Wulczyn, 2004), and income (e.g., Courtnety, 2004; Eamon, 2002); family composition such as single parent homes and number of adults in home (e.g., Davis, Landsverk, Newton, & Ganger, 1996; Harris & Courtney, 2003). One caveat to these examinations is that many of them look at factors like e.g., race, family composition, poverty; they did not focus on the processes and/or structures of the juvenile dependency court system itself. The present study attempts to overcome this caveat by examining a process factor—involvement of the parents and their respective legal representatives at early decision-m... ...fathers were not involved (Malm et al., 2008). Children whose non-resident fathers were highly involved also spent less time in foster care (21.4 months) than children whose non-resident fathers were not involved (25.3 months) (Malm et al.). Despite previous research examining father involvement in services and case plan development, a paucity of research remains concerning the influence of father involvement in legal proceedings on dependency outcomes. Although some analysts (such as Edwards, 2009) suggest that including the father in dependency proceedings may lead to favorable outcomes for the child, including relative placement as opposed to foster care and possibly avoiding out-of-home placement altogether, these suggestions have not been empirically tested. This study examines association between father’s involvement in legal proceedings and reunification.

networking :: essays research papers

Computer Network Modifications. Regional Offices. Existing Bus Topology (hubs) should be replaced with star topology using switches. In star topology, all devices are connected to a common central location, typically a hub or a switch, in this case we will be using switches. (See diagram 1) when a node sends data to the central location, the central device retransmits the information and sends it to the destination. Because all cabling is connected to the central device , if one link fails, only that portion of the network will fail. The rest of the network will not be affected. However, if the central devise fails the entire network will fail. A star topology can have a maximum of 1024 nodes on a LAN and is commonly used for 10BaseT. (IEEE 802.3) and 100BaseTX (IEEE 802.3u) Ethernet. The advantages of using a Star Topology include reliability and ease of maintenance and installation. Monitoring and troubleshooting can be maintained at the central device, providing easier maintenance. A Star topology allows for greater reliability because each node is connected to the central devise by a segment. If one segment breaks, only that node loses access to the network so the rest of the network is not affected. Because each node is connected to the central device, star topologies also allow for an easy network layout, providing the network administrator easier installation over the other topologies. The disadvantage of this topology is cost. With each devise being connected to the central location, more cabling is required than with other topologies. In addition there is a cost of the central device. This is a LAN topology in which endpoints on a network are connected to a common central switch by point to point links. A ring topology that is organised as a star implements a unidirectional closed loop star, instead of point to point links. (Diagram 1: Star Toplogy) Star topology is the most widely used models in networking and are extremely stable By using Assymetric switches (10/100) over the existing CAT 5 UTP cabling. CAT 5 UTP can accommodate up to 100MB/S Switches have many benefits. A LAN switch allows many users to communicate in parallel through the use of virtual circuits and dedicated network segments in a collision free environment. This maximises the bandwidth availability on the shared medium. Also, moving to a switched LAN environment is very cost effective because you can reuse the existing hardware and cabling. The power of the switch combined with the software to configure LAN’s gives network administrators’ greater flexibility in managing the network.

When Politics Trumps Policy

While the public demand for the criminal justice system to help ensure a safe and secure environment, there are also occasions whereby the public may feel that the criminal justice agencies are actually the one posing unnecessary threats to the society. Issues like the abuse of authority, deadly vehicle pursuits and unauthorized use of weapons are all examples of cases in which the criminal justice system is actually threatening the safety of the public. This paper will discuss the case of Racin’ Ray’s Wild Day to examine the issues involved in the decisions made by Ripley as a law enforcing authority. Central Issues The central issue in the case study would be the authority of the police officers to use excessive force as well as to engage in violent pursuits. Due to a previous incident of a violent pursuit ending with the death of a 14 year old teenager, the Pineville County Sheriff’s Department is currently facing a lawsuit. As such, the Department has implemented stricter rules and regulations to prevent such accidents from happening again. However, another key issue which has cropped up would be that of the behavior of Deputy Raymond Ray Ripley who has been observed to be overstepping regulations as well as engaging in activities that are not part of his responsibilities such as to go for extra patrol as well as to engage in the violent pursuit of a vehicle that was not warranted since rules have been implemented to prohibit any pursuit which does not involve any violent felony crime or pose significant threat to the community. In addition, he is also using weapons which he does not have the authority to use (Peak, 2010). Use-of-force policy Ripley’s actions is not compliant with the use of force policy which states that â€Å"a supervisor [should] cancel any pursuit that does not involve a violent felony crime or other circumstances that would justify the danger and potential liability† . In addition, â€Å"A separate policy prohibits the firing of warning shots unless â€Å"circumstances warrant. †Ã¢â‚¬  (Peak, 2010). In the given case, Ripley had no evidence to demonstrate that the vehicle he was chasing was involved in any violent felony crime or circumstances that would pose extreme danger. In addition he used his fired warning shots even though the circumstances were not yet dangerous. As such, he was clearly violating the use-of-force policy. End Ripley’s pursuit The lieutenant should end Ripley’s pursuit. Firstly, this is because Ripley has already overstepped the policies implemented by the Department, as such there is a possibility that he would further abuse his power to bring about unnecessary harm to others. In addition, the Department is already involved in a current legal tussle. Should any mistakes go wrong with this one, the consequence would be especially dire and people would lose confidence in the criminal justice agency. Firing warning shots The deputy should have fired the warning shot. The department has already informed officers that no warning shots should be fired unless circumstances warrant. In this case, the officer was following normal regulations of being at least 30 meters away from the vehicle. In addition, he has proof to show that the circumstances warrant his actions since the driver was speeding towards him and thus the warning shot was fired to save his life. Lodging a complaint In the event that the people in the vehicle lodge a complaint about Ripley and his use of the force, the dog and the taser gun, there are various departmental policies which would need to be applied. First, it is necessary to record down all the processes involved during the whole incident including when , how and why the deputy came across the vehicle, fired the warning shots and gave chase to the vehicle. Given that there is evidence to sufficient to show that the deputy did abuse his authority such as to own a Taser gun and to use a dog, appropriate disciplinary actions would need to be taken to hold the deputy accountable for his actions. However, the head of the department will need to deliberate and take into account the factors affecting the situation and the decision-making of the deputy behind implementing the most appropriate form of punishment (Davis). Additional policies Given that the misconduct of the deputy has been identified, it is important that the department implement policies to ensure that similar acts do not occur again. Hence, this would involve programs like training as well as frequent audits to ensure that officers do not engage in behaviors that involve the abuse of their authority. In addition, the department should also set up a program to monitor the progress of those who have previously engaged in misconduct before to ensure that they are competent enough for their work. Conclusion In conclusion, the case of Ripley demonstrates the serious consequences of the abuse of authority by law enforcing officials. Therefore, it is necessary for criminal justice agencies to implement the appropriate strategies and programs to ensure that similar incidents do not occur again. ? Reference Davis, J. (n. d. ). Police Misconduct and Civil Rights Law. Retrieved from http://library. findlaw. com/1999/Nov/1/126320. html †¢Peak, K. (2010). Justice administration: police, courts, and corrections management (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Pearson/Prentice Hall.